Everything about The Highlands Of Iceland totally explained
The
Highlands of Iceland cover most of the interior of
Iceland. They are situated above 400-500 metres and are mostly uninhabitable, because the water precipitating as rain or snow infiltrates so quickly into the ground that it's unavailable for plant growth, which results largely in a
desert surface of grey, black or brown earth,
lava and
volcanic ashes. A few
oasis-like areas, such as
Herðubreiðarlindir near
Askja, are found only in proximity to rivers.
Icelanders categorise the Highlands as:
- "Háls", meaning a broad mountain ridge between valleys, such as the one near Langavatn north of Borgarnes; or
- "Heiði", meaning the real highlands, such as those alongside the Sprengisandur road.
Most of the numerous
glaciers, such as
Vatnajökull,
Langjökull and
Hofsjökull, are also part of the Icelandic Highlands. Vegetation is only found on the shores of the glacier rivers. There is also the danger of
glacier runs.
Some of the most interesting parts of Iceland with volcanic activity are to be found in the Highlands, such as
Landmannalaugar and the region around
Askja and
Herðubreið.
The Highlands can only be crossed during the Icelandic summer (June to August). For the rest of the year the highland roads are closed. The best known highland roads are
Kaldidalur,
Kjölur and
Sprengisandur. Most highland roads require
four wheel drive vehicles, because it's necessary to ford rivers. However, the Kjölur route can easily be traversed in an ordinary sedan and is therefore one of the more popular highland roads. Off-road driving ("road" in this context meaning tracks that are already present) is forbidden in the Highlands when they're free of snow, to protect the vegetation.
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